Choose a suitable place to read
Reading texts related to your course requires appropriate conditions and skills that are quite different from reading a newspaper or a novel. Reading for your studies requires active reading and the place you choose is important: it must be quiet, so that you can stay focused. It should also be well ventilated and well lit. If you do not have a work area at home, then the library can be an interesting place to read. Ideally, however, you should have access to a space at home to make reading time management less tedious.
Here are some recommendations regarding location and environment:
- Lighting: Lighting is an important working condition to consider. Too much or too little light will tire the eyes more quickly and make reading less effective;
- Position : an upright, comfortable chair is a good choice. A reclining position (e.g. on the couch) or with your head laid back does not facilitate active reading, and your brain will not be stimulated to read actively.
In order to maximise your reading time, the means you use to manage your concentration are also important. Concentration is the discipline of the mind, “the ability to give your attention or thought to a single object or activity” (Merriam-Webster).
Factors that promote concentration are:
- A suitable environment : the various demands and noise require more effort to concentrate. If this is the case, the duration of concentration will be shorter and tiredness will come faster. For those who like to listen to music while reading, it is better to choose music without words and as little captivating as possible;
- A quick start: less than a minute is often the ideal time to get started, which increases the sense of satisfaction and motivation;
- Organisation of work: personal organisation of studies (filing system, note-taking system during lessons or readings) favours immediate action and minimises the expenditure of energy on concentration.
By taking these elements into account in your choices, you will quickly see the benefits they bring.
Advantages
In general, choosing the right place and environment will help you to concentrate and read more efficiently, which in turn will give you satisfaction and increase your motivation.
Questions to ask yourself :
- Do I have a space to study, to do my reading and my assignment?
- Where do I do my reading?
- Are the place and the atmosphere conducive to concentration?
- Before starting a work session, can I prevent possible disturbances (telephone, television, reduction of noise sources or distractions, such as social media)?
- What factors do I have control over?
- How will I exercise this control?
To get started
Plan a place where it is pleasant to work, where it is easy to concentrate and where you have everything you need to study and do your work at hand. Here are some suggestions (Letarte, 1989a):
- Have a desk lamp (on your left if you are right-handed and vice versa);
- Have a work table large enough to place your documents (free of unnecessary objects) and close to the tools you need (dictionaries, sheets, pencils, etc.) to limit your movements;
- Create an inviting work space to make you want to study (don't put up distracting items such as magazines or other accessories that are not related to reading or work).
Sources consulted :
Bégin, C. (2014). Devenir efficace dans ses études, 2e édition. Éditions Chroniques sociales.
Crépeau, N. (2010). Draft Translation of a Didactic Tool for Teaching Academic Reading Strategies. UQAT (non published).
Mc Whorter, K.T. (2013). Academic Reading (Eighth Edition). Pearsons.
Consider your physical and psychological condition for reading
Many factors over which you have control influence your effectiveness when reading: your attitude, your interest in the subject of the text to be read, your state of mind, the number of hours you sleep, your diet, to name but a few. If you want to get the most out of your reading, it is important to adopt the right attitude. First, set aside reading time during which you will do nothing else. The more you respect the time you set aside for reading, the more you will benefit from it and be motivated by a sense of accomplishment.
InterestInterest in the text to be read influences attention and retention of information. If you try to retain everything while you are reading, it will be too difficult a task. It is better to concentrate on what you are reading rather than trying to retain information. Retention will come at a later stage.
Your psychological disposition
Your psychological disposition will also have a significant impact on the functioning of your brain depending on your relationship with your environment. Try to resolve your personal conflicts if they interfere with your level of concentration, otherwise find ways to relax and manage your emotions influenced by the different events you are experiencing.
Sleep
As for your physical condition, lack of sleep and tiredness have a negative effect on your capacity to concentrate. During times of physical and nervous tiredness (e.g. intensive sports, an intellectually demanding day or a long period of study), it is not recommended to do your reading. If you want to get the most out of your reading time, take the necessary steps to achieve a balance by planning your reading time according to a schedule that takes into account your commitments and types of activities.
Your nutrition
Diet is another aspect that plays an important role in the functioning of your memory, and therefore your ability to concentrate. Several studies show the importance of eating a carbohydrate-rich breakfast to improve academic performance, in addition to reducing the decline in memory and concentration at the beginning of the day. In other words, skipping breakfast is often clearly associated with tiredness in students. Foods that contain natural carbohydrates and are high in fibre should be preferred, while reducing those high in added sugars. By taking in a bit of protein at breakfast and reducing high-fat or low-nutrient foods, you will be able to achieve balance and optimise your intellectual functioning (Harvard Health Publishing, 2012).
Advantages
By acting on the factors over which you have some control (your attitude, interest, state of mind, amount of sleep, diet, etc.), your level of concentration will improve and you will be able to get the most out of your reading time and maintain your motivation throughout the session.
Questions to ask yourself :
- What is my general attitude when I have to get down to reading?
- Am I motivated to complete reading tasks related to my courses?
- How do I manage my concentration when I am experiencing personal difficulties?
- What is my level of interest in the topics related to the texts I have to read?
- Do I choose the right time when I feel well disposed to read?
- Is my sleep sufficient for optimal concentration and intellectual work?
- Is my diet appropriate for mental work? Is there anything I can improve?
To get started
You can act on the different following elements:
Your attitude: set yourself realistic goals for your reading (e.g. reading a chapter, a section of a chapter in a given time) and offer yourself a small reward when you achieve it.
Your interest in reading the text: find the usefulness of reading the text you have in your hands (e.g. to understand the concepts in order to reuse them in a term paper and eventually apply them in the workplace, etc.) in order to motivate yourself to get on with the task quickly.
Your state of mind: deal with personal difficulties as soon as they arise or schedule time to do so.
The number of hours of sleep: plan a number of hours of sleep that is sufficient for you, if not, find a time during the week when you can catch up on missed sleep and not accumulate too much tiredness.
Your diet: eat a balanced diet that will keep your energy levels up throughout the session.
Sources consulted :
Comtois, R.L. (2005). Lecture rapide : Mythes et réalité. Outremont, Québec : Les Éditions Québécor.
Harvard Health Publishing. (2012). Boost your memory by eating right. https://www.health.harvard.edu/mind-and-mood/boost-your-memory-by-eating-right
Ruph, F. (2010). Actualizing my Intellectual Potential. Strategies for University Learning, A Réflexion Guide. UQAT. https://web2.uqat.ca/guidestrategies/en/index.php